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June 2018
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Estimating Earth’s Surface Deformation from GPS and DInSAR Data Integration
A. Saad, A. Elshehaby, Mervat M. Refaat, and R. Fekry
Abstract:
Integration of ground and space geodetic datasets to monitor the surface deformation has become an effective and important way to take the advantages of both techniques in such studies. Global Positioning System (GPS) calculates the crustal movement in 3 D space at the receiver location. On the other hand, Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) can measure the change in the measured range along the radar Line of Sight (LOS) in millimeters level of accuracy with high spatial resolution. In this research, GPS measurements and DInSAR data have been used simultaneously to monitor the crustal movement in Aswan south of Egypt. ENVISAT ASAR descending orbit data and GPS observations of Aswan geodetic network from 2008 to 2010 was integrated via SISTEM algorithm. The results of GPS and DInSAR integration show an average motion of 30 ± 4.4 mm, 54.8 ± 27.5, 45.2 ± 11.9 mm in East, North and Vertical directions respectively. The accuracy of GPS and DInSAR data integration is checked using three permanent GPS stations whereas the mean differences at the three stations are 3.6±2.2, 1.9±1.6 and 8.2±4.5 mm in x, y and z directions respectively.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 1-7 ] DOI: 10.22587/ajbas.2018.12.6.1
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Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antibacterial properties of Halophila stipulacea Leaves Extracts obtained from (Alwajh) North of Yanbu City
Nehad M. Gumgumjee, Duaa A. Bukhari and A.S. Hajar
Abstract:
In this present investigation the antibacterial activity of Halophila stipulacea against seven bacterial pathogens strains (Bacillus subtilis, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using different solvent extracts. The results showed that ethanol leaves extracts appeared the highest activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa while it’s appeared the lowest activity against Escherichia coli. . However, the aqueous extract was not active against all tested bacteria except P. aeruginosa. The antioxidant activity of Halophila stipulacea showed high percentage of DPPH radical scavenging activity was (79.10%).
[ FULL TEXT PDF 8-11 ] DOI: 10.22587/ajbas.2018.12.6.2
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Accumulation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from transplanted lichens Parmotrema dilatatum in the city of Abidjan (Ivory Cost)
Yacouba Zoungranan, Lynda Ekou, Tchirioua Ekou, Daniel Fane, Kouadio Dobi Brice Kouassi
Abstract: Direct monitoring of air pollutants requires sophisticated equipment and techniques that are not often available for poor or developing countries. In this context, using of plant as biomonitoring of air’s quality is an interesting alternative. Among these plants lichens as biomonitors has received increasing attention in recent years. They are frequently used as organisms for passive and active monitoring of air quality. They also have no cuticles to control the exchange of water, nutrients, gas and other particles with the external environment and they depend highly on nutrients from atmospheric sources, they absorb nutritive elements and pollutants through their entire surface. Their ability to absorb toxic pollutant into their thalli during long periods of time allows lichens to be the most useful indicator of air quality. In this study we have used lichen Parmotrema dilatatum as bioindicators to evaluate the air quality on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) pollutants in Abidjan’s town. Lichens were transplanted during 12 months (July 2015 - July 2016) throughout 09 sites. Our results show heterogeneous and fluctuating distribution of the PAHs whose concentration is low because their values are in ng/g order. The sites of AdjaméMacaci, Cocody ENS, and Yopougon Zone are the most polluted with higher concentrations of 51.892 ng/g for Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene, 15.656 ng/g for Pyrene and 11.025 ng/g for Fluorenthene. The least contaminated site is Plateau Carena, whose PHAs concentrations are low and sometimes below the limit of detection. These results reflect the anthropogenic activities practiced within the sites.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 12-16 ] 10.22587/ajbas.2018.12.6.3
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Availability and Potential Use of Non-Wood Forest Products (Nwfps) in a Traditional Community of the Amazon
Brenda Letícia Rodrigues, Lidia Gabriella Santos, Cristiano Rodrigues Reis, Giselli Castilho Moraes, Luis Paulo Baldissera Schorr, João Ricardo Vasconcellos Gama, Renato Bezerra da Silva Ribeiro, Marcio Leles Romarco de Oliveira
Abstract:
Background: Tropical forests maintain much of the planet's biodiversity and one of the main strategies to conserve them is the sustainable exploitation of non-wood forest products (NWFPs). In the Amazon, non-wood forest products are a vital resource for the survival of a large portion of the residents who are living near the forests. In addition, to subsistence and income potential, these products provide food security. However, the use of NWFPs as a source of income for the inhabitants of forest regions are presenting some difficulties. Objective: This work aimed to evaluate the potential species for non - wood forest products in a community located in the Amazon. Results: We evaluated two studied areas in the community of Ponta de Pedras, Santarém, Pará. The results show a total of 2,425 arboreal individuals and 296 palm trees. Analyzing the number of arboreal individuals, 84 species were included in area I and 61 in area II, including potential and non-potential species for NWFPs exploitation. We identified 4 arboreal species indicated for NWFPs that are used by the community and 3 palm trees indicated for NWFP that are not used. The interviewees mentioned 32 species belonging to 21 botanical families used in the community, being Fabaceaethe most representative family with 6 species. The use of the NWFPs in Ponta de Pedras are mainly destined to self-consumption, with a small proportion destined to commercialization with other localities. Conclusion: The species Anacardium occidentale L., Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl and Carapa guianensis Aubl were the species that presented the greatest potential for NWFP, although they were not present in the study area according to the Forest Inventory. The sample inventory, together with the semi-structured questionnaire, found that there is a lack of raw material potential for NTFP trade in the community of Ponta de Pedras.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 17-22 ] DOI: 10.22587/ajbas.2018.12.6.4
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Fusion of SRTM and ASTER GDEM2 DEMs based on height error weighted average technique
Mostafa H. Mohamed and Salem S. Saleh
Abstract:
Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) are usually generated from different sensors and processing techniques. Due to the sensors technologies, the variations in DEM's accuracy are obvious. DEM's fusion techniques are one of the solutions of reducing DEM errors. The crucial technical problematic of DEM fusion is that it requires weights to quantify the effect of the inputs DEM. These weights are a function of the height accuracy, and typically vary significantly across each DEM, due to the sensor technology, scene characteristics and method used to generate it. This study is reviewed the quality assessment of SRTM and ASTER GDEM2 DEMs using two referenced data sets First, the GPS ground control points distributed over whole Egypt. The topographic maps 1:50000 spots elevation for a specific study area located at Delta Egypt was a second data set. A proposed fusion technique was introduced using the weighted mean shift by assigned the height error as a weight for each DEM. The weighted mean shift for whole study area was derived as a function of the study area clusters mean shift and sub areas. The quality assessment statistics using the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) were proved that, the SRTM is better performance than ASTER GDEM2 over Egypt. A further proposed explanation concept was justified in order to prove if the input DEM's containing systematic error shift or not. Analyzing the cut/fill volume magnitude and direction between the reference surface and the DEM's surfaces are ideal path for that concept. After systematic error corrections, the DEM's surfaces are close to coincide with the topographic map surface. The weighted DEM's fusions conclude a better performance than other method such as a thematic averaging fusion. The RMS results returns to be identical after systematic error corrections and The RMS for SRTM, ASTERGDEM2 and weighted Fused are ±6.94, ±7.97 and ±6.71 respectively.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 23-29 ] DOI:10.22587/ajbas.2018.12.6.5
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Moral Approaches and Roles of Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) In Empowering Persons with Special Needs
Md. Sirajul Islam and Sofiah Bt. Samsuddin
Abstract:
The pre-Islamic society used to exclusion persons with special needs. The last Messenger of Allah (S.A.W) established their rights. The main aim of this study is finding His methodology in empowering this form of people. In order to achieve this objective first of all we have collected data from seven authentic sources of the Prophetic traditions; Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Sunan abi Daud, Sunan ibn Mazah, Sunan Al-Tirmiji, Masnad Ahmad ibn Hambal and Sua’bul Eman. The study has found five moral approaches and twelve moral roles by analyzing collected data from the Prophetic traditions in empowering persons with special needs. These approaches and roles in dealing with them played as being the key to overcome the plight of special needs. Subsequently, these approaches and roles led to blueprint on a unique development of their life. In fact, empowering this group of people is a major challenge in the contemporary world. In view of such conditions, this study will generate a great deal of interest in this issue.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 30-35 ] DOI: 10.22587/ajbas.2018.12.6.6
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Affecting factors on eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) adoption among public listed companies in Amman stock exchange
Yaser Ahmad Slehat
Abstract:
Background: Adoption of a novel technology-based reporting language plays a significant role in the way how the financial information of the business is communicated. Recently, eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL), based on eXtensible Mark-up Language (XML) is used as advanced technique for financial reporting and the adoption of XBRL is predicted to improve the access and enhance the communication of financial information which has potential benefits to stakeholder groups including: regulatory authorities, accounting firms, professional bodies, business organizations and other stakeholders. Objective: The study aims to investigate the ability of Jordanian companies to adopt and implement eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL), specifically the study examines the effect of environmental, organizational, and technological factors on extensible business reporting language (XBRL) adoption in Jordan. Methodology: A questionnaire survey conducted among 102 participants was used to investigate the related environmental, organizational, and technological factors on XBRL adoption in Jordan. Results: The findings revealed that there are significant differences played by environmental, organizational, and technological factors on XBRL adoption in Jordan statistically. Conclusion: There are several factors which can facilitate XBRL adoption within companies, the environmental, organizational, and technological factors support the process of XBRL adoption and implementation in the Jordanian listed companies in Amman stock exchange. It is suggested that the listed companies on ASE to voluntary apply XBRL, provide specialized training and seminars to its employees in order to improve the awareness and understanding of various aspects of XBRL.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 36-40 ] DOI: 10.22587/ajbas.2018.12.6.7
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Multicriteria Evaluation and Analytical Hierarchy Process for the Selection of Sustainable Motorway Corridor Using Landsat Images
Maher M. Amin, Ayman R. Elshehaby, Mervat M. Refaat, Gehad Y. Elsayad
Abstract:
Roads are the mainstay of any new development and it was requirement to be located occur seamless and optimal connection. Determining the route location is one of the biggest planning problems facing us at present while constructing new one. It was involved to evaluate of different agents in order to obtain optimal and least cost place. The goal of this investigation was carried out to perform a spatial sample that uses multiple standards with different weights for obtaining the least cost path between any two points using modern technologies such as GIS and remote sensing. Different data sources were collected to achieve optimal route location such as satellite images, soil map and minerals map. Other datasets were created as land use from classification of Landsat images and slope map from a Digital Elevation Model. All datasets are combined together in one geodatabase to allow integration with GIS analysis. In this paper, The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to derive the weights for five criteria, Slope, Minerals, Land use, Streams and Soil, in the development of pattern to obtain an optimal road. AHP is a resolution to making proceeding for establish advantage in many standards to decisions making to assess the relative weight of multiple criteria in an intuitive manner. Three paths from the estimates were appreciated which optimal and differed from the original way suggest for the project. It is concluded that GIS with integration of different sources of data and remote sensing and analysis using AHP technique should be adopted as a tool for future projects.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 41-47 ] DOI: 10.22587/ajbas.2018.12.6.8
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Prospective Capability of Grape Seed Oil in face with the Inverse Influence of Monosodium Glutamate on Liver and Kidneys Tasks
Fawzia A. Alshubaily, Ebtihaj J. Jambi, Sohair M. Khojah, Maha J. Balgoon, Maryam H. Alzahrani
Abstract:
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) might be a wide hired flavor foil and stabilizer in prepackaged foods. The high MSG intake extends oxidative stress in several organs and produces several unrests or ailments. Currently, the importance of natural merchandise for health and medicine has been formidable. The existing study concerned the protection of liver and kidneys by grape seed oil (GSO) in male rats exposed to MSG. The total rats of the study were divided into four teams. The rats of the first team were served as control. The second team rats were supplemented with GSO (100 mg Kg-1 b.w /day) orally by internal organ tube for four weeks. The experimental animals of the third team were endure MSG (13 mg Kg-1 b.w. /day) orally by stomachal tube for four weeks. Animals of the fourth group were supplied with GSO and MSG. In rats submit only to MSG, level of blood serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea, creatinine and uric acid additionally as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) content in hepatic and nephritic tissues were statistically enlarged, whereas the extent of tissues reduced glutathione (GSH) and antioxidant enzymes SOD (SOD) and enzyme (CAT) were considerably depressed. Treatment of rats with GSO exhibited a protective role versus MSG toxicity, which confirmed by the inhibition of the adverse changes in liver and kidneys because of MSG exposure. Additionally, the sitting study suggests that the ameliorating effect of GSO utilization against MSG toxicity could also be ascribed to the antioxidant role of its constituents.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 48-52 ] DOI: 10.22587/ajbas.2018.12.6.9
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Genetic polymorphism among some wheat genotypes as revealed by RAPD and SCOT analysis
Sara B. H. Awaly
Abstract:
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the fundamental crop, which gives staple food to great number of human population in the worldwide. Molecular characterization is extremely used by wheat breeders as another method for selecting genotypes with more potential and decrease the cost and time required to improve wheat crops productivity. In this study the genetic polymorphism among seven wheat cultivars using SCoT (Start Codon Targeted polymorphism) and RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) was determined. The SCoT analysis showed the higher polymorphism, where obtained 25 bands from 49 total bands representing 51% polymorphic, on the other hand, RAPD analysis showed the 25 bands from 58 bands representing 43.1% polymorphic. Where, the SCoT-77 primer showed 12 bands as the highest number of bands, while SCoT-34 showed 5 bands as the lowest number of bands. On the other hand, The OPE-F-04 of RAPD scored 9 bands as a higher number of bands. Whereas, the OPE-A-07 scored 3 bands as the lowest number of bands. Therefore, the wheat cultivar specific SCoT and RAPD markers were detected, where, the Benisouf-6 recorded 8 specific RAPD markers as the highest number, followed by three markers for Giza 171 then two markers for Giza 11. Among the SCoT specific cultivar markers recorded two markers are specific to Miser 1 followed by one marker for Benisouf-6. The dendrogram was generated according to the result of RAPD and SCoT markers to explain the genetic distances between seven wheat cultivars. The cluster analysis indicates the phylogenetic relationship among the different wheat cultivars used.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 53-58 ] DOI: 10.22587/ajbas.2018.12.6.10
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